The Association of Uric Acid Calculi with Obesity, Prediabetes, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension

OBJECTIVES To disclose the link between the composition of urolithiasis, especially that of uric acid calculi, and obesity, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who had urinary calculi and underwent surgical treatment were registered in the study. The composition of urinary calculi was analyzed and correlated with clinical features and biomedical profiles of the patients before surgical intervention. RESULTS A total of 666 patients with urolithiasis who underwent surgical management were registered and analyzed. In those who had uric acid calculi, there was a significant association with prediabetic (OR: 20.11, 95% CI: 7.40-54.63, P < 0.001) and diabetic states (OR: 11.55, 95% CI: 4.41-29.97, P < 0.001). It also seemed that uric acid calculi were related to obesity but there was no statistical significance (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 0.91-6.62, P = 0.078). There was no association of uric acid calculi with hypertension (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.54-2.17, P = 0.822) and concurrent urinary tract infection (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.44-1.96, P = 0.841). CONCLUSION There was a remarkable association of uric acid calculi with prediabetic and diabetic states. The uric acid calculi were also seemingly associated with obesity in patients with urolithiasis undergoing surgical management.